Automated Cross-Browser Testing

Testing a website in a single browser using automation script is a clean and simple way to accelerate your testing. With a single click, you can test your website for all possible errors without manually clicking and navigating to web pages. It's a modern marvel of software ingenuity that saves hours of manual time and accelerates productivity. However, for all this magic to happen, you would need to build your automation script first.

In a previous post, we focused on setting up a complete test suite environment for running selenium scripts. But that script had a major drawback. That setup was focused on testing on only a single browser. Cross-browser compatibility testing is a major pain point for all testers and it’s also a major test case for all functionality testing cycles.

In this post, we will focus on running testing scenarios on Chrome, Firefox, and Opera browsers, simultaneously. We will be focusing on cross-browser issues along with functional issues.

Before starting, I would highly recommend going through our previous post on writing automated testing scripts.

Installing Maven

Step 1: Go to Marketplace and install Maven.

Go to help → Eclipse Marketplace → search for Maven→ confirm → confirm → Finish

Restart Eclipse

Step 2: Restart Eclipse to make changes take effect. Once you restart Eclipse, it’s time to start with creating the project.

Create a Maven Project

Step 3: To create a project, go to File→ New→ Other→ Maven→ Project.
You are now all set to create a Maven project.

Here you need to enter the group ID and artifact ID. Let’s say the group ID is com.browsers1 and the artifact ID is crossbrowser.

After entering the IDs, click on Finish and your Maven project will be created.

On the left-hand side, you’ll find two folders, namely src/main/java and src/test/java. Under src/test/java, you’ll find com.browsers1.crossbrowser. Right-click on com.browsers1.crossbrowser, select new, and then create a class.

Enter the name as CrossbrowserTest and click on finish.

Note: Make sure you start your class name with an uppercase and end it with test.

Download Drivers

The next step is to install drivers for browsers. Since you are going to control your browsers using automated software, you need to make sure that the browsers you’re going to use in your script have their drivers installed.

For Firefox, you need to install Geckodriver. For Chrome, we need ChromeDriver. And for Opera, install OperaChromiumDriver. Since we are going to use these three browsers in our script, we’ll need to install these. However, if you plan to add more browsers to your script make sure to have their drivers installed.

After you download and install the drivers, let’s start with adding dependency files. It is necessary to have dependency files for every framework that you are making use of. So we need to download dependency files for Selenium in our pom.xml file.

Select pom.xml and delete the lines between to and add your dependency files using:

org.testng    
testng    6.14.3    
test   
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.maven.plugins/maven-surefire-plugin -->      
org.apache.maven.plugins    maven-surefire-plugin    
2.19.1   
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.mail/mail -->                      
javax.mail             mail             
1.5.0-b01                                   
org.seleniumhq.selenium             
selenium-htmlunit-driver             
2.52.0                                 
junit             
junit             
4.12                                 
info.cukes             cucumber-java             
1.2.5             test                                 info.cukes             
cucumber-picocontainer             1.2.5             test                                 
info.cukes             cucumber-junit             1.2.5             test                                 
org.seleniumhq.selenium             selenium-java             3.11.0                                 org.seleniumhq.selenium             selenium-firefox-driver             3.5.3                                 org.seleniumhq.selenium             selenium-chrome-driver             3.5.3                                 org.seleniumhq.selenium             selenium-ie-driver             3.5.3                                 org.seleniumhq.selenium             selenium-edge-driver             3.5.3                                 org.apache.maven.plugins             maven-resources-plugin             3.0.2                                 org.seleniumhq.selenium             selenium-support             3.5.3

This code will add all your dependency files to your project.

Write the Final Code

Now save this and create a script as the final step.

Again go to src/test/java, select the crossbrowsertest.java file, and then copy the code to its workplace.

package com.browsers.Cross_Browser;

	import org.testng.annotations.Test;
    import org.testng.AssertJUnit;
	import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
	import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
	import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
    import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.opera.OperaDriver;
	//comment the above line and uncomment below line to use Chrome
	//import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
	public class BrowserTest {
	    WebDriver driver;
	    
	    @Test
	    public void AmazonTitleTest() {
	        // declaration and instantiation of objects/variables
	        System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver","C:\\Users\\Admin\\Downloads\\geckodriver.exe");
	        driver = new FirefoxDriver();
	        //comment the above 2 lines and uncomment below 2 lines to use Chrome
	        //System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver","G:\\chromedriver.exe");
	        //WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();s
	        
	        String baseUrl = "https://www.amazon.com/";
	        String expectedTitle = "Amazon.com: Online Shopping for Electronics, Apparel, Computers, Books, DVDs & more";
	        String actualTitle = "";
	        // launch Chrome and direct it to the Base URL
	        driver.get(baseUrl);
	        // get the actual value of the title
	        actualTitle = driver.getTitle();
	        /*
	         * compare the actual title of the page with the expected one and print
	         * the result as "Passed" or "Failed"
	         */
	        AssertJUnit.assertEquals(expectedTitle, actualTitle);
	            
	        //close Fire fox
	        driver.close();
	       
	    }
	    
	    @Test
	    public void AmazonTitleTest1() {
	        // declaration and instantiation of objects/variables
	       
	        //comment the above 2 lines and uncomment below 2 lines to use Chrome
	        System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver","C:\\Users\\Admin\\Downloads\\chromedriver_win32\\chromedriver.exe");
	        WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
	        
	        String baseUrl = "https://www.amazon.com/";
	        String expectedTitle = "Amazon.com: Online Shopping for Electronics, Apparel, Computers, Books, DVDs & more";
	        String actualTitle = "";
	        // launch Chrome and direct it to the Base URL
	        driver.get(baseUrl);
	        // get the actual value of the title
	        actualTitle = driver.getTitle();
	        /*
	         * compare the actual title of the page with the expected one and print
	         * the result as "Passed" or "Failed"
	         */
	        AssertJUnit.assertEquals(expectedTitle, actualTitle);
	            
	        //close Fire fox
	        driver.close();
	       
	    }
	    
	    @Test
	    public void AmazonTitleTest2() {
	        // declaration and instantiation of objects/variables
	       
	        //comment the above 2 lines and uncomment below 2 lines to use Chrome
	    	System.setProperty("webdriver.ie.driver", "C:/Users/Admin/Downloads/IEDriverServer.exe");
			driver = new InternetExplorerDriver();
	        String baseUrl = "https://www.amazon.com/";
	        String expectedTitle = "Amazon.com: Online Shopping for Electronics, Apparel, Computers, Books, DVDs & more";
	        String actualTitle = "";
	        // launch Chrome and direct it to the Base URL
	        driver.get(baseUrl);
	        // get the actual value of the title
	        actualTitle = driver.getTitle();
	        /*
	         * compare the actual title of the page with the expected one and print
	         * the result as "Passed" or "Failed"
	         */
	        AssertJUnit.assertEquals(expectedTitle, actualTitle);
	            
	        //close Fire fox
	        driver.close();
	       
	    }
	
	}

Once you paste this code, you now need to convert it to testng.xml.

To proceed with that, right-click on Crossbrowsertest.java, click on testing→ convert to testing→ next→ click the checkbox→ finish.

Now a new file, testing.xml, will be created.

Run testng.xml as a testing suite and you’re all set to perform automated cross-browser test.

This code will run amazon.com in Chrome, Firefox, and Opera and test if the website opens or not. If it opens, it will show pass else will show fail.

You’ll soon see an automation software controlling your three browsers and you’ll also see the test being performed on your screen.

You can also add more browsers and change the URL you want to perform the test on.

Happy testing!