Diving Into Docker
In this first article of in a series of Docker-related posts, we're going to cover the basics of getting Docker on your machine and setting up containers.
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Join For Free"DevOps" and "microservices" are the buzz-words heard around enterprise social networks these days. These are not new among technology majors, such as Google, Facebook, and Netflix, etc., which have adjusted their technology and processes to deliver customer-facing applications at a rapid pace with minimal impact, but what are DevOps/Microservices?
DevOps and microservices have been around for a long time, but they were mostly limited to major technology players. But they're catching up among enterprises. Microservices represent the decomposition of traditional business systems into independently deployable services that perform the smallest unit of service, for example, "createCustomer," "updateCustomer," or "deleteCustomer." These services are delivered independently without any downtime to existing services. Besides that, the microservices architecture enables speed, safety, and scale.
On the other hand, DevOps emphasizes collaboration/communication between developers, and other IT professionals while automating software delivery and infrastructure changes. This is a disruptive shift in how customer solutions are delivered continuously.
The traditional software package deployment lifecycle includes hardware requisition, OS installation, and libraries installation before new product/features are deployed. The ever-growing dependency on infrastructure and administrators to deliver key functionality essentially kept most enterprises in the back seat.
Containers address these issues by "wrapping a piece of software in a complete filesystem that contains everything needed to run: code, runtime, system tools, system libraries — anything that can be installed on a server. This guarantees that the software will always run the same, regardless of its environment."
Docker is an open-source project that "automates application deployment inside software containers, and provides an additional layer of abstraction and automation of operating-system-level virtualization on Linux." With the help of containers, you can continuously deliver products (microservices) to customers.
Docker installation is pretty straightforward and the steps can be found on the Docker website.
Here are the common commands:
Step | Command | Comments |
Pull image | docker pull <<image_name>>:<<tag>> docker pull ubuntu:15.10 | Image will be pulled from Docker registry. Default tag value is latest, otherwise specific tag value should be included |
Show images | docker images | |
Run image | docker run -i -t base_hadoop | |
Run image in background | docker run -d -P --name alluxio_test_1 alluxio_base | |
Display running images | docker ps –a | Displays container ID and name |
Commit new image | docker commit -m "Comment" -a "Balaji" 9cdacf2fdf68 base_hadoop:v2 | 9cdacf2fdf68 — Current running image name Base_hadoop:v2 — New image saved after making modifications to current image |
Display container ID of exited containers | docker ps -a –q | |
Remove exited containers | docker rm $(docker ps -a -q) | |
Remove images | docker rmi <image_id> docker rmi base_hadoop:v2 | |
Copy files/folders to containers | docker cp 492428cbff6f:/opt/apache/hadoop-2.7.2-src/hadoop-dist/target/hadoop-2.7.2.tar.gz . | |
Execute command in running container | docker exec -ti <continer_id> /bin/bash | Useful for executing scripts from host |
Docker provides features to create instruction set files (Dockerfiles), and build images based on the steps provided in the file, for example here is a sample instruction file:-
To create a docker image from the above instruction set, execute the following command:
docker build -t hadoop_sandbox
Execute the Docker run command to start an instance of a hadoop_sandbox image.
Enterprises typically start multiple containers. Docker-compose is a tool for defining and running multi-container Docker applications.
A sample Docker-compose file is given below to create multiple containers in a single execution.
docker-compose up –d (create and start containers).
docker-compose down (stop containers).
And you're on your way! Stay tuned for more, though. I will discuss the Alluxio Cluster setup using Docker in my next blog post.
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