Executing a Command Line Executable From Java
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Executing a Command Line Executable From Java
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In this post we'll deal with a common need for Java developers. Execute and manage an external process from within Java. Since this task is quite common we set out to find a Java library to help us accomplish it.
The requirements from such a library are:
- Execute the process asynchronously.
- Ability to abort the process execution.
- Ability to wait for process completion.
- On process output notifications.
- Ability to kill the process in case it hung.
- Get the process exit code.
Here is the method signature we expose:
public static Future<Long> runProcess(final CommandLine commandline, final ProcessExecutorHandler handler, final long watchdogTimeout) throws IOException;
- It returns a Future<Long>. This covers section 1,2,3,6.
- Instance of ProcessExecutorHandler is passed to the function. This instance is actually a listener for any process output. This covers section 4 in our requirement.
- Last but not least you supply a timeout. If the process execution takes more than said timeout you assume the process hung and you will end it. In that case the error code returned by the process will be -999.
import org.apache.commons.exec.*;
import org.apache.commons.exec.Executor;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.*;
public class ProcessExecutor {
public static final Long WATCHDOG_EXIST_VALUE = -999L;
public static Future<Long> runProcess(final CommandLine commandline, final ProcessExecutorHandler handler, final long watchdogTimeout) throws IOException{
ExecutorService executor = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
Future<Long> result = executor.submit(new ProcessCallable(watchdogTimeout, handler, commandline));
executor.shutdown();
return result;
}
private static class ProcessCallable implements Callable<Long>{
private long watchdogTimeout;
private ProcessExecutorHandler handler;
private CommandLine commandline;
private ProcessCallable(long watchdogTimeout, ProcessExecutorHandler handler, CommandLine commandline) {
this.watchdogTimeout = watchdogTimeout;
this.handler = handler;
this.commandline = commandline;
}
@Override
public Long call() throws Exception {
Executor executor = new DefaultExecutor();
executor.setProcessDestroyer(new ShutdownHookProcessDestroyer());
ExecuteWatchdog watchDog = new ExecuteWatchdog(watchdogTimeout);
executor.setWatchdog(watchDog);
executor.setStreamHandler(new PumpStreamHandler(new MyLogOutputStream(handler, true),new MyLogOutputStream(handler, false)));
Long exitValue;
try {
exitValue = new Long(executor.execute(commandline));
} catch (ExecuteException e) {
exitValue = new Long(e.getExitValue());
}
if(watchDog.killedProcess()){
exitValue =WATCHDOG_EXIST_VALUE;
}
return exitValue;
}
}
private static class MyLogOutputStream extends LogOutputStream{
private ProcessExecutorHandler handler;
private boolean forewordToStandardOutput;
private MyLogOutputStream(ProcessExecutorHandler handler, boolean forewordToStandardOutput) {
this.handler = handler;
this.forewordToStandardOutput = forewordToStandardOutput;
}
@Override
protected void processLine(String line, int level) {
if (forewordToStandardOutput){
handler.onStandardOutput(line);
}
else{
handler.onStandardError(line);
}
}
}
}
// interface.
public interface ProcessExecutorHandler {
public void onStandardOutput(String msg);
public void onStandardError(String msg);
}
import org.apache.commons.exec.*;
import org.apache.commons.exec.Executor;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.*;
public class ProcessExecutor {
public static final Long WATCHDOG_EXIST_VALUE = -999L;
public static Future
runProcess(final CommandLine commandline, final ProcessExecutorHandler handler, final long watchdogTimeout) throws IOException{
ExecutorService executor = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
return executor.submit(new ProcessCallable(watchdogTimeout, handler, commandline));
}
private static class ProcessCallable implements Callable
{
private long watchdogTimeout;
private ProcessExecutorHandler handler;
private CommandLine commandline;
private ProcessCallable(long watchdogTimeout, ProcessExecutorHandler handler, CommandLine commandline) {
this.watchdogTimeout = watchdogTimeout;
this.handler = handler;
this.commandline = commandline;
}
@Override
public Long call() throws Exception {
Executor executor = new DefaultExecutor();
executor.setProcessDestroyer(new ShutdownHookProcessDestroyer());
ExecuteWatchdog watchDog = new ExecuteWatchdog(watchdogTimeout);
executor.setWatchdog(watchDog);
executor.setStreamHandler(new PumpStreamHandler(new MyLogOutputStream(handler, true),new MyLogOutputStream(handler, false)));
Long exitValue;
try {
exitValue = new Long(executor.execute(commandline));
} catch (ExecuteException e) {
exitValue = new Long(e.getExitValue());
}
if(watchDog.killedProcess()){
exitValue =WATCHDOG_EXIST_VALUE;
}
return exitValue;
}
}
private static class MyLogOutputStream extends LogOutputStream{
private ProcessExecutorHandler handler;
private boolean forewordToStandardOutput;
private MyLogOutputStream(ProcessExecutorHandler handler, boolean forewordToStandardOutput) {
this.handler = handler;
this.forewordToStandardOutput = forewordToStandardOutput;
}
@Override
protected void processLine(String line, int level) {
if (forewordToStandardOutput){
handler.onStandardOutput(line);
}
else{
handler.onStandardError(line);
}
}
}
}
// interface.
public interface ProcessExecutorHandler {
public void onStandardOutput(String msg);
public void onStandardError(String msg);
}
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