How to Automate Integration Tests for Web Services - Part 2
How to Automate Integration Tests for Web Services - Part 2
See how to evaluate the code coverage and effectiveness of automated integration tests for web services in this tutorial.
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This is Part 2 of the series "How to Automate Integration Tests for Web Services."
Part 1 was mainly focused on how to automate the execution of integration tests. In this article, I will focus mainly on how to evaluate the effectiveness of the test cases, which can be measured by the amount of code executed by the test case. I am talking about test or code coverage.
Background
Like executing test cases for integration tests, test coverage also takes a slightly different approach. Rather, I would say, a break down approach; this means we cannot simply launch a runner and start capturing a report on the fly. It needs to be broken down into following sub-processes:
instrument > execute > report
An on-the-fly approach should work, but in most cases, a web service deployment environment adds some extra behaviors at the class loading level, so it might conflict with your approach.
Solution
There are lots of commercial and OSS tools available for this, providing different kinds of reporting/visualization support. But, at the bare minimum, we need to attach an agent to the Server process that captures and logs some kind of metadata, and both compile and run time, to generate the report.
The simple yet powerful tool for this, in my opinion, is emma. Emma provides both on-the-fly and offline approaches to generate the desired report. It captures coverage at four levels:
Class
Method
Line
Block
You can use emma as an external tool and as well as an automated task. Currently it supports automation via ANT task but it can easily be plugged with maven using maven-antrun-plugin.
Pre-Requisites
To start, you would need to download emma-<version>.jar and emma_ant<version>.jar.
Create a build.xml in your web service project and link an emma task to your ant build.
<path id="emma.lib">
<pathelement location="${emma.dir}/lib/emma-2.0.5312.jar" />
<pathelement location="${emma.dir}/lib/emma_ant-2.0.5312.jar" />
</path>Your structure should look like below:
/ path / to / your / project folder
|____ main/java/src
|____ pom.xml
|____ emma
|____ build.xml
|____ lib
|____ emma-<version>.jar
|____ emma_ant<version>.jar
Now you are ready for your main solution.
Add maven-antrun-plugin to your Maven build in pom.xml.
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-antrun-plugin</artifactId>
<version>1.7</version>
</plugin>Add instrument and report executions to your antrun goal.
<executions>
<execution>
<id>emma-instr</id>
<phase>compile</phase>
<goals><goal>run</goal></goals>
<configuration>
<target>
<property name="basedir" value="." />
<property name="emma.dir" value="${basedir}\emma" />
<property name="build.classpath" value="/path/to/your/build/directory" />
<ant antfile="${emma.dir}\build.xml">
<target name="instr" />
</ant>
</target>
</configuration>
</execution>
<execution>
<id>emma-report</id>
<phase>report</phase>
<goals><goal>run</goal></goals>
<configuration>
<target>
<property name="basedir" value="." />
<property name="emma.dir" value="${basedir}\emma" />
<ant antfile="${emma.dir}\build.xml">
<target name="report" />
</ant>
</target>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>Add instrument and report tasks to your ant build in build.xml.
<path id="run.classpath">
<pathelement location="${build.classpath}" />
</path>
<target name="instr">
<emma enabled="true">
<instr instrpathref="run.classpath" metadatafile="${emma.dir}/work/coverage.em" mode="overwrite" />
</emma>
</target>
<target name="report">
<emma enabled="true">
<report>
<fileset dir="${emma.dir}">
<include name="work/coverage.em" />
</fileset>
<html outfile="${emma.dir}/report/coverage.html" />
</report>
</emma>
</target>Voila! That's it!
Now you are ready to generate the automated coverage of your integration test for your web service. You need to compile/deploy your application and run the test against it. Make sure compilation includes the following goal/execution:
mvn clean compile antrun:run@emma-instr
The output metadata file would be available under the work folder in the emma directory. You need to run the following goal/execution to generate your report:
mvn antrun:run@emma-report
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