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Here’s a curious identity I ran across while browsing Knuth’s magnum opus.
Here gcd(i, j) is the greatest common divisor of i and j, and φ(n) is Euler’s phi function, the number of positive integers less than or equal to n and relatively prime to n.
The more general version of Smith’s determinant replaces gcd(i, j) above with f( gcd(i, j) ) for an arbitrary function f.
As a hint at a proof, you can do column operations on the matrix to obtain a triangular matrix with φ(i) in the ith spot along the diagonal.
Source: TAOCP vol 2, section 4.5.2, problem 42.
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