Web Framework Comparison - Prototyping

Some may say I have a biased opinion on the topic at hand. True. I hereby declare that I have a clear preference for dojo+DWR+Spring MVC. But I happen to have a cruel client as well and when they asked me to prepare a comparison between several modern web frameworks they purposely left Spring behind. The aim here was to build quick prototypes of enterprise applications to test new ideas proposed by the business people. Obviously they current architecture is a little bit outdated and not suitable for the task.

They gave me a blank sheet to start although they did mention Ruby On Rails and GWT. The first one was in the origin of everything, a new board member had recently joined the company and in his former position they were using RoR for the task. The second was probably due to the fact that several projects had spawned recently with Flex+BlazeDS as the client side technology but noone was really sure if it was the right path.

Given this requirements I selected Seam, AribaWeb and Grails as well.

Obviously this is not an apples-to-apples comparison. Ariba and Seam are both full Java stacks. RoR and Grails are server side backends very oriented to relational database repositories. While GWT is a RIA tool to layout views in pure Java with some communication middleware, like say, dojo+DWR or, as already mentioned, Flex+BlazeDS could be.

But it makes for an interesting analysis anyway.

The criteria to elect the champion contain the following points:

• Learning curve
  We are talking about three hundred programmers that haven't ever coded in anything but JSF 1.1. Let's make the jump feasible.


• Prototyping
  How suited for the task is the project? A scripting language seems better to throw something quickly even though it's not maintainable later. On the other hand, a good IDE with good component integration, a drag'n drop visual editor and a preview screen makes stupidly easy to churn pages.


• Productivity
  How good are the APIs and third party libraries? How much code and configuration is needed to kick start a project? How easily is to connect client and server development?


• CRUD
  Enterprise applications today always need to interact with a persistent backend.


• Killer features
  Selling points for the upper management. What does this framework better? Where does it really shine? What unique characteristics does it put on the table?


• Weakness
  And what about these...?


• Maturity, popularity
  Is it a safe choice? Will it be around in the not so distant future?

There were others but neither as interesting (licensing, standardization) nor useful to you (migration, code reusability) so these make a good list. I'm not posting the tabular data for two reasons, first it depends heavily on the weights you assign to each column and second it's subjective and I don't want to start a flame war.

But here are my personal conclussions.

In the first round both RoR and GWT fell off the roaster but for very different reasons. In the case of RoR it scored very well in every technical category but, even if I could use it, the truth is a company like this is pretty commited to Java/JEE and such a rupture means time and money. And they're both scarce this days. Maybe for highly innovative teams in core areas but not as a general purpose tool. GWT didn't fare equally well. First for a RIA builder it lacks a decent widget library. Then I like DWR remoting better(biased again?). And finally it shuns standards like a plague. With this conditioning you're better served by Flex. Any day.

The second round saw, and this was a suprise, Grails fail. Grails happens to have the same punch as Rails and then some more. A great ORM that simplifies greatly CRUD operations (nothing really can beat code generation and a book.save()), scripting capabilities, joint compilation, Spring et al. Unfortunately it lacks a matching client plug-in. Flex is not there yet and dojo is too much work for a solution specifically looking for speed of development. The syntax is concise but many times awkward and in general Groovy/Grails still lack maturity (IDE support is minimum, plug-ins quality varies greatly, too many bugs yet). I guess you get used to Java's 24 months release cycle with bullet proof quality. Groovy is different in this aspect. I have good feelings about it (more with SpringSource behind the projects) but it takes time.

The two final candidates provide the full stack, client and server. Seam is IMHO more powerful and a safer choice in general. The people behind Seam are the same that participate in several JSRs and other high profile projects like Hibernate. JBOSS has always been a very active OSS player and the quality of the components (EJB3, Richfaces, JBOSS Tools, Hibernate) is out of question. There's very little bad I can say about Ariba. It's new (very new) in the OSS space and the look&feel is not spectacular (subjective I know). That last bit was important because you want the wow factor when showing a innovative project to the final user. I have to admit that JSF weighed in favor of Seam here but in the end it was a worthy winner for us this time. Kudos to them!

From http://internna.blogspot.com