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  4. yield(), sleep(0), wait(0,1) and parkNanos(1)

yield(), sleep(0), wait(0,1) and parkNanos(1)

Peter Lawrey user avatar by
Peter Lawrey
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Apr. 27, 12 · Interview
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On the surface these methods do the same thing in Java; Thread.yield(), Thread.sleep(0), Object.wait(0,1) and LockSupport.parkNanos(1) They all wait a sort period of time, but how much that is varies a surprising amount and between platforms.

Timing a short delay

The following code times how long it takes to repeatedly call those methods.
import java.util.concurrent.locks.LockSupport;

public class Pausing {
    public static void main(String... args) throws InterruptedException {
        int repeat = 10000;
        for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
            long time0 = System.nanoTime();
            for (int j = 0; j < repeat; j++)
                Thread.yield();
            long time1 = System.nanoTime();
            for (int j = 0; j < repeat; j++)
                Thread.sleep(0);
            long time2 = System.nanoTime();
            synchronized (Thread.class) {
                for (int j = 0; j < repeat/10; j++)
                    Thread.class.wait(0, 1);
            }
            long time3 = System.nanoTime();
            for (int j = 0; j < repeat/10; j++)
                LockSupport.parkNanos(1);
            long time4 = System.nanoTime();

            System.out.printf("The average time to yield %.1f μs, sleep(0) %.1f μs, " +
                    "wait(0,1) %.1f μs and LockSupport.parkNanos(1) %.1f μs%n",
                    (time1 - time0) / repeat / 1e3, (time2 - time1) / repeat / 1e3, 
                    (time3 - time2) / (repeat/10) / 1e3, (time4 - time3) / (repeat/10) / 1e3);
        }
    }
}

On Windows 7

The average time to yield 0.3 μs, sleep(0) 0.6 μs, wait(0,1) 999.9 μs and LockSupport.parkNanos(1) 1000.0 μs
The average time to yield 0.3 μs, sleep(0) 0.6 μs, wait(0,1) 999.5 μs and LockSupport.parkNanos(1) 1000.1 μs
The average time to yield 0.2 μs, sleep(0) 0.5 μs, wait(0,1) 1000.0 μs and LockSupport.parkNanos(1) 1000.1 μs

On RHEL 5.x

The average time to yield 1.1 μs, sleep(0) 1.1 μs, wait(0,1) 2003.8 μs and LockSupport.parkNanos(1) 3.8 μs
The average time to yield 1.1 μs, sleep(0) 1.1 μs, wait(0,1) 2004.8 μs and LockSupport.parkNanos(1) 3.4 μs
The average time to yield 1.1 μs, sleep(0) 1.1 μs, wait(0,1) 2005.6 μs and LockSupport.parkNanos(1) 3.1 μs

In summary

If you want to wait for a short period of time, you can't assume that all these methods do the same thing, nor will be the same between platforms.
Data Types Java (programming language) Sort (Unix)

Published at DZone with permission of Peter Lawrey, DZone MVB. See the original article here.

Opinions expressed by DZone contributors are their own.

Related

  • Creating a Deep vs. Shallow Copy of an Object in Java
  • Proper Java Exception Handling
  • Generics in Java and Their Implementation
  • A Complete Guide on How to Convert InputStream to String In Java

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