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  4. Spring Boot: ApplicationRunner and CommandLineRunner

Spring Boot: ApplicationRunner and CommandLineRunner

Need to execute some custom code before your Spring Boot application finishes starting up? You can make that happen with a couple of runners.

By 
Gaurav Rai Mazra user avatar
Gaurav Rai Mazra
·
Mar. 01, 17 · Tutorial
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Spring Boot provides two interfaces, CommandLineRunner and ApplicationRunner, to run specific pieces of code when an application is fully started. These interfaces get called just before run() once SpringApplication completes.

CommandLineRunner

This interface provides access to application arguments as string array. Let's see the example code for more clarity.

@Component
public class CommandLineAppStartupRunner implements CommandLineRunner {
    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(CommandLineAppStartupRunner.class);

    @Override
    public void run(String...args) throws Exception {
        logger.info("Application started with command-line arguments: {} . \n To kill this application, press Ctrl + C.", Arrays.toString(args));
    }
}


ApplicationRunner

ApplicationRunner wraps the raw application arguments and exposes the ApplicationArguments interface, which has many convinent methods to get arguments, like getOptionNames() to return all the arguments' names, getOptionValues() to return the agrument value, and raw source arguments with method getSourceArgs(). Let's see an example:

@Component
public class AppStartupRunner implements ApplicationRunner {
    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(AppStartupRunner.class);

    @Override
    public void run(ApplicationArguments args) throws Exception {
        logger.info("Your application started with option names : {}", args.getOptionNames());
    }
}


When to Use It

When you want to execute some piece of code exactly before the application startup completes, you can use it then. In one of our projects, we used these to source data from other microservices via service discovery, which was registered in Consul.

Ordering

You can register as many application/command line runners as you want. You just need to register them as Beans in the application context. Then, Spring will automatically pick them up. You can order them as well either by extending interface org.springframework.core.Ordered or via the @Order annotation.

This is all about the application/command line runners. You can also see org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.batch.JobLauncherCommandLineRunner in spring-batch, which implements CommandLineRunner to register and start batch jobs at application startup. I hope you find this informative and helpful. You can grab the full example code on GitHub.

Spring Framework Spring Boot

Published at DZone with permission of Gaurav Rai Mazra, DZone MVB. See the original article here.

Opinions expressed by DZone contributors are their own.

Related

  • Actuator Enhancements: Spring Framework 6.2 and Spring Boot 3.4
  • How Spring Boot Starters Integrate With Your Project
  • A Practical Guide to Creating a Spring Modulith Project
  • Structured Logging in Spring Boot 3.4 for Improved Logs

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